Instances of casualties resulting from large crowds persist, highlighting the existing limitations of current crowd management practices in Smart Cities. One notable drawback is the insufficient provision for disadvantaged individuals who may require additional time to evacuate due to their slower running speed. Moreover, the existing escape strategies may fall short of ensuring the safety of all individuals during a crowd surge. To address these pressing concerns, this paper proposes two crowd management methodologies. Firstly, we advocate for implementing a fair evacuation strategy following a surge event, which considers the diverse needs of all individuals, ensuring inclusivity and mitigating potential risks. Secondly, we propose a preventative approach involving the adjustment of attraction locations and switching between stage performances in large-crowded events to minimize the occurrence of surges and enhance crowd dispersion. We used high-fidelity crowd management simulators to assess the effectiveness of our proposals. Our findings demonstrate the positive impact of the fair evacuation strategy on safety measures and inclusivity, which increases fairness by 41.8% on average. Furthermore, adjusting attraction locations and stage performances has shown a significant reduction in surges by 34% on average, enhancing overall crowd safety.

翻译：大规模人群引发的伤亡事件持续发生，凸显了当前智慧城市人群管理实践的局限性。一个显著缺陷在于未能充分保障需要更长时间撤离的弱势群体（如行动较慢者）。此外，现有逃生策略可能无法确保人群拥挤时所有人的安全。为应对这些紧迫问题，本文提出两种人群管理方法。其一，倡导在拥挤事件后实施公平撤离策略，该策略考虑所有个体的不同需求，确保包容性并降低潜在风险。其二，提出预防性方案，通过调整大型聚集活动中景点位置和切换舞台表演来减少拥挤发生并增强人群疏散效果。我们采用高保真度人群管理模拟器评估所提方案的有效性。结果表明，公平撤离策略对安全措施和包容性具有积极影响，平均公平性提升41.8%；同时，调整景点位置与舞台表演可使拥挤事件平均减少34%，全面提升人群安全水平。