Dependability - a system's ability to consistently provide reliable services by ensuring safety and maintainability in the face of internal or external disruptions - is a fundamental requirement for industrial wireless communication networks (IWCNs). While 5G ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) addresses some aspects of this challenge, its evolution toward holistic dependability in 6G must encompass reliability, availability, safety, and security. This paper provides a comprehensive framework for dependable IWCNs, bridging theory and practice. We first establish the theoretical foundations of dependability, including outlining its key attributes and presenting analytical tools to study it. Next, we explore practical enablers, such as adaptive multiple access schemes leveraging real-time monitoring and time-sensitive networking to ensure end-to-end determinism. A case study demonstrates how intelligent wake-up protocols improve event detection probability by orders of magnitude compared to conventional duty cycling. Finally, we outline open challenges and future directions for a 6G-driven dependable IWCN.

翻译：可靠性——系统通过确保在面临内部或外部干扰时的安全性与可维护性，持续提供可靠服务的能力——是工业无线通信网络的基本要求。虽然5G超可靠低时延通信解决了这一挑战的某些方面，但其向6G整体可靠性的演进必须涵盖可靠性、可用性、安全性与保密性。本文提出了一个连接理论与实践的工业无线通信网络可靠性综合框架。我们首先建立可靠性的理论基础，包括概述其关键属性并提出研究可靠性的分析工具。接着，我们探讨实际使能技术，例如利用实时监控与时间敏感网络确保端到端确定性的自适应多址接入方案。案例研究表明，相比传统占空比轮询，智能唤醒协议可将事件检测概率提升数个数量级。最后，我们展望了6G驱动的可靠工业无线通信网络面临的开放挑战与未来发展方向。