Inspired by Naor et al.'s visual secret sharing (VSS) scheme, a novel n out of n quantum visual secret sharing (QVSS) scheme is proposed, which consists of two phases: sharing process and recovering process. In the first process, the color information of each pixel from the original secret image is encoded into an n-qubit superposition state by using the strategy of quantum expansion instead of classical pixel expansion, and then these n qubits are distributed as shares to n participants, respectively. During the recovering process, all participants cooperate to collect these n shares of each pixel together, then perform the corresponding measurement on them, and execute the n-qubit XOR operation to recover each pixel of the secret image. The proposed scheme has the advantage of single-pixel parallel processing that is not available in the existing analogous quantum schemes and perfectly solves the problem that in the classic VSS schemes the recovered image has the loss in resolution. Moreover, its experiment implementation with the IBM Q is conducted to demonstrate the practical feasibility.

翻译：受Naor等人的视觉秘密共享（VSS）方案启发，提出了一种新的n中取n量子视觉秘密共享（QVSS）方案，该方案包含两个阶段：共享过程与恢复过程。在第一阶段中，利用量子扩展策略而非经典像素扩展，将原始秘密图像中每个像素的颜色信息编码为n量子比特叠加态，随后将这些n个量子比特作为份额分别分发给n个参与者。在恢复过程中，所有参与者协作收集每个像素对应的n个份额，对其执行相应测量，并通过n量子比特异或运算恢复秘密图像的每个像素。该方案具有现有类似量子方案所不具备的单像素并行处理优势，且完美解决了经典VSS方案中恢复图像分辨率损失的问题。此外，通过IBM Q平台进行了实验实现，验证了其实用可行性。