We design and deploy in production the first flat datacenter networks. Our design, called RNG, is based on quasi-random graphs. While the cost and fault-tolerance benefits of such topologies have been long known, their practical realization has been hampered by a lack of scalable routing and cabling approaches. RNG has a new distributed routing protocol that exploits the properties of random graphs to find a large number of edge disjoint paths between pairs of endpoints. It uses a novel passive optical device that internally shuffles cables, which makes its cabling complexity similar to that of fat trees. We show that RNG matches or exceeds the performance of fat trees for a range of traffic patterns, despite being up to 45% cheaper. RNG is now the default datacenter network for most workloads at Amazon.

翻译：我们设计并实际部署了首个扁平数据中心网络。该设计名为 RNG，基于拟随机图。虽然此类拓扑结构在成本和容错性方面的优势早已为人所知，但由于缺乏可扩展的路由和布线方案，其实用化一直受到阻碍。RNG 采用了一种新型分布式路由协议，该协议利用随机图的特性，在端点对之间寻找大量边不相交路径。它还使用了一种新型无源光器件，可在内部进行线缆混洗，从而使其布线复杂度与胖树结构相当。我们证明，在各种流量模式下，RNG 的性能均可达到或超越胖树，同时成本可降低高达 45%。目前，RNG 已成为亚马逊大多数工作负载使用的默认数据中心网络。