Semantic communication (SC) is recognized as a promising approach for enabling reliable communication with minimal data transfer while maintaining seamless connectivity for a group of wireless users. Unlocking the advantages of SC for multi-user cases requires revisiting how communication and computing resources are allocated. This reassessment should consider the reasoning abilities of end-users, enabling receiving nodes to fill in missing information or anticipate future events more effectively. Yet, state-of-the-art SC systems primarily focus on resource allocation through compression based on semantic relevance, while overlooking the underlying data generation mechanisms and the tradeoff between communications and computing. Thus, they cannot help prevent a disruption in connectivity. In contrast, in this paper, a novel framework for computing and communication resource allocation is proposed that seeks to demonstrate how SC systems with reasoning capabilities at the end nodes can improve reliability in an end-to-end multi-user wireless system with intermittent communication links. Towards this end, a novel reasoning-aware SC system is proposed for enabling users to utilize their local computing resources to reason the representations when the communication links are unavailable. To optimize communication and computing resource allocation in this system, a noncooperative game is formulated among multiple users whose objective is to maximize the effective semantic information (computed as a product of reliability and semantic information) while controlling the number of semantically relevant links that are disrupted. Simulation results show that the proposed reasoning-aware SC system results in at least a $16.6\%$ enhancement in throughput and a significant improvement in reliability compared to classical communications systems that do not incorporate reasoning.

翻译：语义通信（SC）被公认为一种前景广阔的方法，能够在维持一组无线用户无缝连接的同时，以最小的数据传输实现可靠通信。要在多用户场景中释放语义通信的优势，需要重新审视通信与计算资源的分配方式。这种重新评估应考虑终端用户的推理能力，使接收节点能够更有效地填补缺失信息或预测未来事件。然而，现有的先进语义通信系统主要关注基于语义相关性的压缩式资源分配，而忽视了底层数据生成机制以及通信与计算之间的权衡关系，因此无法有效防止连接中断。与此相反，本文提出了一种新颖的计算与通信资源分配框架，旨在论证终端节点具备推理能力的语义通信系统如何能在具有间歇性通信链路的端到端多用户无线系统中提升可靠性。为此，我们提出了一种新型的推理感知语义通信系统，使用户能够在通信链路不可用时利用本地计算资源对语义表征进行推理。为了优化该系统中的通信与计算资源分配，我们在多用户间构建了一个非合作博弈模型，其目标是在控制语义相关链路中断数量的同时，最大化有效语义信息（定义为可靠性与语义信息的乘积）。仿真结果表明，与不包含推理能力的传统通信系统相比，所提出的推理感知语义通信系统在吞吐量上至少提升了$16.6\%$，并在可靠性方面实现了显著改善。