In the fields of disaster rescue and communication in extreme environments, Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) has become an important technology due to its "store-carry-forward" mechanism. Selecting the appropriate routing strategy is of crucial significance for improving the success rate of distress message transmission and reducing delays in material dispatch. We design a pseudo realistic use case of Nepal Kathmandu earthquake rescue based on dynamically changing population distribution model and characteristics of rescue activities in the initial rescue efforts in Nepal Kathmandu earthquakes to conducted the multi criteria two benchmark routing protocols performance analysis in the face of different buffer sizes of the rescue team nodes. We identify multiple real world node groups, including affected residents, rescue teams, drones and ground vehicles and communication models are established according to the movement behaviors of these groups. We analyze the communication of distress messages between edge nodes to obtain performance metrics such as delivered probability, average delay, hop count, and buffer time. By analyzing the multi layer complex data and protocols differences, the research results show the effectiveness of distributed DTN communication methods in the Nepal earthquake rescue use case, reveal existence of trade-offs between transmission reliability and resource utilization of different routing protocols in disaster communication environment and provide a basis for the design of next-generation emergency communication services based on edge nodes.

翻译：在极端环境下的灾害救援与通信领域，耐延迟网络（DTN）凭借其"存储-携带-转发"机制已成为关键技术。选取合适的路由策略对于提升遇险信息传输成功率、降低物资调度延迟具有重要意义。基于动态变化的人口分布模型及尼泊尔加德满都地震初期救援活动的特征，我们设计了一个准真实场景的尼泊尔加德满都地震救援算例，针对救援队节点不同缓冲区容量开展了两类基准路由协议的多准则性能分析。我们识别了受灾居民、救援队、无人机及地面车辆等多个真实世界节点群体，并根据这些群体的移动行为建立了通信模型。通过分析边缘节点间的遇险信息通信，获得了投递成功率、平均延迟、跳数及缓冲区停留时间等性能指标。通过多层复杂数据与协议差异的深入分析，研究结果表明分布式DTN通信方法在尼泊尔地震救援场景中的有效性，揭示了不同路由协议在灾害通信环境中传输可靠性与资源利用率间的权衡关系，为基于边缘节点的下一代应急通信服务设计提供了依据。