For the first time, this paper presents a taxonomy of legal risks associated with generative AI (GenAI) by breaking down complex legal concepts to provide a common understanding of potential legal challenges for developing and deploying GenAI models. The methodology is based on (1) examining the legal claims that have been filed in existing lawsuits and (2) evaluating the reasonably foreseeable legal claims that may be filed in future lawsuits. First, we identified 22 lawsuits against prominent GenAI entities and tallied the claims of each lawsuit. From there, we identified seven claims that are cited at least four times across these lawsuits as the most likely claims for future GenAI lawsuits. For each of these seven claims, we describe the elements of the claim (what the plaintiff must prove to prevail) and provide an example of how it may apply to GenAI. Next, we identified 30 other potential claims that we consider to be more speculative, because they have been included in fewer than four lawsuits or have yet to be filed. We further separated those 30 claims into 19 that are most likely to be made in relation to pre-deployment of GenAI models and 11 that are more likely to be made in connection with post-deployment of GenAI models since the legal risks will vary between entities that create versus deploy them. For each of these claims, we describe the elements of the claim and the potential remedies that plaintiffs may seek to help entities determine their legal risks in developing or deploying GenAI. Lastly, we close the paper by noting the novelty of GenAI technology and propose some applications for the paper's taxonomy in driving further research.

翻译：本文首次提出与生成式人工智能（GenAI）相关的法律风险分类体系，通过解析复杂的法律概念，为开发和部署GenAI模型过程中可能面临的法律挑战提供共同认知基础。研究方法基于：(1) 审查现有诉讼中已提出的法律主张；(2) 评估未来诉讼中合理可预见的法律主张。首先，我们识别出22起针对主要GenAI实体的诉讼案件，并统计每起案件中的诉求主张。在此基础上，我们筛选出在跨案件中被引用至少四次、最有可能出现在未来GenAI诉讼中的七项主张。针对这七项主张，我们分别阐明其构成要件（原告胜诉所需证明要素），并举例说明其在GenAI场景中的适用方式。其次，我们识别出另外30项较具推测性的潜在主张——这些主张在不足四起案件中被引用或尚未被正式提起诉讼。我们将这30项主张进一步分为两类：19项最可能关联GenAI模型部署前阶段的主张，以及11项更可能关联模型部署后阶段的主张——这是因为创建实体与部署实体面临的法律风险存在差异。针对每项主张，我们阐释其构成要件及原告可能寻求的救济措施，以协助相关实体评估开发或部署GenAI过程中的法律风险。最后，本文指出GenAI技术的创新特性，并提出该分类体系在推动后续研究中的若干应用方向。