The Rust programming language has garnered significant attention due to its robust safety features and memory management capabilities. Despite its guaranteed memory safety, Rust programs suffer from runtime errors that are unmanageable, i.e., panic errors. Notably, traditional memory issues such as null pointer dereferences, which are prevalent in other languages, are less likely to be triggered in Rust due to its strict ownership rules. However, the unique nature of Rust's panic bugs, which arise from the language's stringent safety and ownership paradigms, presents a distinct challenge. Over half of the bugs in rustc, Rust's own compiler, are attributable to crash stemming from panic errors. However, addressing Rust panic bugs is challenging and requires significant effort, as existing fix patterns are not directly applicable due to the design and feature of Rust language.Therefore, developing foundational infrastructure, including datasets, fixing patterns, and automated repair tools, is both critical and urgent. This paper introduces a comprehensive infrastructure, namely PanicFI, aimed at providing supports for understanding Rust panic bugs and developing automated techniques. In PanicFI, we construct a dataset, Panic4R, comprising 102 real panic bugs and their fixes from the top 500 most-downloaded open-source crates.Then, through an analysis of the Rust compiler implementation , we identify Rust-specific patterns for fixing panic bugs, providing insights and guidance for generating patches. Moreover, we develop PanicKiller, the first automated tool for fixing Rust panic bugs, which has already contributed to the resolution of 28 panic bugs in open-source projects.The practicality and efficiency of PanicKiller confirm the effectiveness of the patterns mined within PanicFI.

翻译：Rust编程语言因其强大的安全特性和内存管理能力而备受关注。尽管Rust保证了内存安全，但其程序仍会遭遇不可控的运行时错误，即panic错误。值得注意的是，由于Rust严格的所有权规则，传统内存问题（如其他语言中普遍存在的空指针解引用）在Rust中触发的可能性较低。然而，Rust panic bug因其语言严格的安全性和所有权范式而产生的独特性质，构成了特殊的挑战。在Rust自身编译器rustc中，超过半数的bug可归因于panic错误导致的崩溃。然而，修复Rust panic bug具有挑战性且需要大量努力，因为现有修复模式受限于Rust语言的设计特性而无法直接适用。因此，开发包含数据集、修复模式和自动修复工具的基础设施既关键又紧迫。本文提出一个综合性基础设施PanicFI，旨在为理解Rust panic bug和开发自动化技术提供支持。在PanicFI中，我们构建了Panic4R数据集，包含来自下载量前500名开源crate的102个真实panic bug及其修复方案。随后，通过分析Rust编译器实现，我们识别出修复panic bug的Rust特有模式，为生成补丁提供洞见和指导。此外，我们开发了首个自动修复Rust panic bug的工具PanicKiller，该工具已成功帮助解决开源项目中的28个panic bug。PanicKiller的实用性和效率验证了PanicFI中所挖掘模式的有效性。