Quantum cryptography leverages many unique features of quantum information in order to construct cryptographic primitives that are oftentimes impossible classically. In this work, we build on the no-cloning principle of quantum mechanics and design cryptographic schemes with key-revocation capabilities. We consider schemes where secret keys are represented as quantum states with the guarantee that, once the secret key is successfully revoked from a user, they no longer have the ability to perform the same functionality as before. We define and construct several fundamental cryptographic primitives with key-revocation capabilities, namely pseudorandom functions, secret-key and public-key encryption, and even fully homomorphic encryption, assuming the quantum subexponential hardness of the learning with errors problem. Central to all our constructions is our approach for making the Dual-Regev encryption scheme (Gentry, Peikert and Vaikuntanathan, STOC 2008) revocable.

翻译：量子密码学利用量子信息的诸多独特性质来构建经典密码学中往往无法实现的密码原语。在本工作中，我们基于量子力学的不可克隆原理，设计了具有密钥撤销能力的密码方案。我们考虑将密钥表示为量子状态的方案，其保证一旦密钥被成功从用户撤销，该用户将不再具备执行与之前相同功能的能力。我们定义并构造了几种具有密钥撤销能力的基本密码原语，包括伪随机函数、对称密钥加密、公钥加密，乃至全同态加密，其安全性依赖于量子次指数难度的容错学习问题。我们所有构造的核心在于使双列格加密方案（Gentry, Peikert和Vaikuntanathan, STOC 2008）具备可撤销性的方法。