We propose a smart dimming sunglasses system for individuals with photophobia, especially those who are easily irritated by light intensity. The system uses a spatial light modulator (SLM) to selectively filter light entering the eye based on the scene detection of a camera. By controlling the transmittance of each pixel on the SLM using a modulation function, the proposed sunglasses enable an automated non-linear field of view dimming and also flexible light modulation that meets the photophobic user's visual requirements. Meanwhile, an occlusion mask created on the SLM, which possesses low transmittance to block the incoming light rays, appears blurred from the eye since the focal plane is not on the SLM and blocks the light stimulation insufficiently. To solve this problem, the aperture-based expanded mask has been used in past studies, however, the excessive large expansion ratio used in this approach leads to over-blocking (occlusion leak). In this work, we build an optimization model by simulating the defocused occlusion mask and determining the effective contribution of the degraded pixels based on the occlusion efficiency of the pixel transmittance. While the non-processed mask cannot provide sufficient occlusion and the aperture-based expanded mask causes occlusion leak, our optimized mask attenuates the intensely bright areas to a proper brightness without incorrectly attenuating surrounding areas that no need to modulation.

翻译：针对畏光症患者（尤其是对光强度敏感者），我们提出一种智能调光遮光眼镜系统。该系统利用空间光调制器（SLM）结合摄像头场景检测功能，实现对入射光的可选择性滤除。通过调制函数控制SLM各像素透过率，该眼镜既能实现非线性视场自动调光，又能满足畏光患者视觉需求的柔性光调制。然而，当在SLM上生成低透过率遮蔽掩膜以阻挡光线时，由于人眼焦平面不在SLM位置，该掩膜在人眼观察中呈现模糊状态，无法有效阻断光刺激。针对此问题，现有研究采用基于孔径的扩展掩膜，但过大的扩展比会导致过度遮蔽（遮挡泄露）。本研究通过模拟离焦遮蔽掩膜，建立基于像素透过率遮蔽效率的有效像素贡献优化模型。相较于未处理掩膜遮蔽不足和孔径扩展掩膜引发的遮挡泄露问题，我们提出的优化掩膜能在不误调周边非目标区域的前提下，将强光区域精准衰减至适宜亮度。