Classroom dynamics depend on various elements that influence teaching performance and learning activities. A key challenge is to determine the most effective seating plan, where students will seat in a specific classroom setting to achieve the best learning environment. This paper introduces the Student Seat Allocation Problem (SSAP) for strategically organizing student seating in traditional classrooms to minimize interpersonal conflicts. We propose a mathematical model and an Iterated Local Search (ILS) heuristic to solve the SSAP. Computational experiments demonstrated that ILS outperformed in more complex scenarios when compared to the results obtained by a commercial solver on the introduced mathematical model. ILS was particularly efficient in real and artificial instances that exhibited a higher number of conflicts.

翻译：课堂教学的动态效果受多种因素影响，这些因素制约着教学表现与学习活动。其中一项关键挑战在于制定最优座位方案，即通过合理规划学生在特定教室环境中的座位布局，以营造最佳学习氛围。本文提出"学生座位分配问题"（SSAP），旨在通过策略性地组织传统教室中的学生座位，最大程度减少人际冲突。我们构建了数学模型，并引入迭代局部搜索启发式算法（ILS）来求解该问题。计算实验表明，与商业求解器在数学模型上获得的结果相比，ILS在复杂场景下表现更优。特别地，在冲突数量较多的真实场景与人工实例中，ILS展现出更高的求解效率。