Classroom dynamics depend on various elements that influence teaching performance and learning activities. A key challenge is to determine the most effective seating plan, where students will seat in a specific classroom setting to achieve the best learning environment. This paper introduces the Student Seat Allocation Problem (SSAP) for strategically organizing student seating in traditional classrooms to minimize interpersonal conflicts. We propose a mathematical model and an Iterated Local Search (ILS) heuristic to solve the SSAP. Computational experiments demonstrated that ILS outperformed in more complex scenarios when compared to the results obtained by a commercial solver on the introduced mathematical model. ILS was particularly efficient in real and artificial instances that exhibited a higher number of conflicts.

翻译：课堂动态受多种因素影响，这些因素关系到教学表现和学习活动。其中一项关键挑战是确定最有效的座位安排方案，即学生在特定教室环境中如何落座以营造最佳学习氛围。本文提出学生座位分配问题（SSAP），旨在通过策略性地组织传统教室中的学生座位来最小化人际冲突。我们构建了一个数学模型，并采用迭代局部搜索（ILS）启发式算法求解SSAP。计算实验表明，在更复杂的场景下，ILS相较于商业求解器在引入的数学模型上的结果表现更优。在处理真实与人工构建的冲突数量较高的实例时，ILS尤为高效。