We introduce Coordination-free Collaborative Replication (CCR), a new method for maintaining consistency across replicas in distributed systems without requiring explicit coordination messages. CCR automates conflict resolution, contrasting with traditional Data-sharing systems that typically involve centralized update management or predefined consistency rules. Operational Transformation (OT), commonly used in collaborative editing, ensures consistency by transforming operations while maintaining document integrity across replicas. However, OT assumes server-based coordination, which is unsuitable for modern, decentralized Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems. Conflict-free Replicated Data Type (CRDT), like Two-Phase Sets (2P-Sets), guarantees eventual consistency by allowing commutative and associative operations but often result in counterintuitive behaviors, such as failing to re-add an item to a shopping cart once removed. In contrast, CCR employs a more intuitive approach to replication. It allows for straightforward updates and conflict resolution based on the current data state, enhancing clarity and usability compared to CRDTs. Furthermore, CCR addresses inefficiencies in messaging by developing a versatile protocol based on data stream confluence, thus providing a more efficient and practical solution for collaborative data sharing in distributed systems.

翻译：本文提出了一种无协调协作复制（CCR）新方法，用于在分布式系统中维持副本间一致性，无需显式协调消息。与传统数据共享系统通常依赖集中式更新管理或预定义一致性规则不同，CCR实现了冲突消解的自动化。操作变换（OT）技术常用于协同编辑领域，通过对操作进行变换来确保一致性，同时保持各副本间文档的完整性。然而，OT基于服务器协调的假设不适用于现代去中心化的对等（P2P）系统。无冲突复制数据类型（CRDT）（如两阶段集合）通过允许满足交换律与结合律的操作来保证最终一致性，但常导致反直觉行为，例如商品从购物车移除后无法再次添加。相比之下，CCR采用更直观的复制机制，支持基于当前数据状态的直接更新与冲突消解，在清晰度和可用性上优于CRDT。此外，CCR通过开发基于数据流汇合性的通用协议，解决了消息传递效率低下的问题，从而为分布式系统中的协作数据共享提供了更高效实用的解决方案。