The Quantum Internet is key for distributed quantum computing, by interconnecting multiple quantum processors into a virtual quantum computation system. This allows to scale the number of qubits, by overcoming the inherent limitations of noisy-intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Thus, the Quantum Internet is the foundation for large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among the distributed architectures, Quantum Data Centres emerge as the most viable in the medium-term, since they integrate multiple quantum processors within a localized network infrastructure, by allowing modular design of quantum networking. We analyze the physical and topological constraints of Quantum Data Centres, by emphasizing the role of entanglement orchestrators in dynamically reconfiguring network topologies through local operations. We examine the major hardware challenge of quantum transduction, essential for interfacing heterogeneous quantum systems. Furthermore, we explore how interconnecting multiple Quantum Data Centres could enable large-scale quantum networks. We discuss the topological constraints of such a scaling and identify open challenges, including entanglement routing and synchronization. The carried analysis positions Quantum Data Centres as both a practical implementation platform and strategic framework for the future Quantum Internet.

翻译：量子互联网通过将多个量子处理器互连为虚拟量子计算系统，是实现分布式量子计算的关键。这能够突破噪声中等规模量子（NISQ）设备的固有局限，从而扩展量子比特数量。因此，量子互联网是实现大规模容错量子计算的基石。在各类分布式架构中，量子数据中心因其允许量子网络的模块化设计，通过局域网络基础设施集成多个量子处理器，成为中期内最具可行性的方案。我们分析了量子数据中心的物理与拓扑约束，重点阐述了纠缠态协调器通过本地操作动态重构网络拓扑的核心作用。同时，我们探讨了量子转导这一关键硬件挑战——该技术对于异质量子系统间的接口至关重要。此外，我们研究了通过互连多个量子数据中心构建大规模量子网络的可行性，讨论了该扩展过程中的拓扑约束，并指出了包括纠缠路由与同步在内的开放性问题。本文的分析将量子数据中心定位为未来量子互联网既具实践意义的实施平台，亦具战略价值的框架体系。