Artificial intelligence (AI) has been clearly established as a technology with the potential to revolutionize fields from healthcare to finance - if developed and deployed responsibly. This is the topic of responsible AI, which emphasizes the need to develop trustworthy AI systems that minimize bias, protect privacy, support security, and enhance transparency and accountability. Explainable AI (XAI) has been broadly considered as a building block for responsible AI (RAI), with most of the literature considering it as a solution for improved transparency. This work proposes that XAI and responsible AI are significantly more deeply entwined. In this work, we explore state-of-the-art literature on RAI and XAI technologies. Based on our findings, we demonstrate that XAI can be utilized to ensure fairness, robustness, privacy, security, and transparency in a wide range of contexts. Our findings lead us to conclude that XAI is an essential foundation for every pillar of RAI.

翻译：人工智能（AI）已被明确确立为一项具有革新医疗、金融等领域潜力的技术——前提是得到负责任的开发与部署。这正是负责任人工智能（Responsible AI，RAI）所探讨的核心议题，其强调需开发可信赖的AI系统，以最大限度减少偏见、保护隐私、支持安全并增强透明度与问责制。可解释人工智能（Explainable AI，XAI）被广泛视为负责任人工智能的基础模块，现有文献大多将其作为提升透明度的解决方案。本研究提出，XAI与RAI之间存在更为深刻的关联。通过系统梳理RAI与XAI技术的最新文献，我们论证了XAI可在广泛的应用场景中保障公平性、鲁棒性、隐私性、安全性与透明度。研究结果表明，XAI构成了RAI所有支柱的根基。