We investigate how parenthood and marriage (two major life events) reshape urban mobility patterns, an aspect overlooked in traditional `average citizen' mobility models. Leveraging US census data, we analyse whether these life transitions create distinct urban experiences. Parenthood introduces new priorities including caregiving responsibilities, work-life balance adjustments, and access to family-friendly environments. Similarly, marriage introduces new dynamics including shared household decision-making, potential dual-income benefits, combined residential preferences, and shifts in social networks and lifestyle patterns. Our analysis demonstrates that cities vary significantly in how mobility can be accommodated by different household arrangements: some better accommodate either single individuals (Houston, Virginia Beach) or married people (Atlanta, Baltimore), whereas others favour parents (Cincinnati, Chicago). This classification becomes increasingly relevant for individuals and families as remote work expands relocation possibilities. We find that parents and married individuals face different mobility costs and amenity access patterns compared to their counterparts, with variations consistent across multiple null model tests. This research advances urban planning discourse by advocating for tailored design strategies addressing diverse demographic needs rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.

翻译：我们研究育儿与婚姻（两大生命事件）如何重塑城市移动模式——这一维度在传统“平均居民”移动模型中常被忽略。借助美国人口普查数据，我们分析这些人生过渡是否催生了差异化的城市体验。育儿带来了新的优先事项，包括照护责任、工作与生活平衡的调整，以及对家庭友好环境的获取需求。同样，婚姻引入了新的动态：家庭联合决策、潜在的双薪优势、居住偏好整合，以及社交网络与生活方式模式的转变。分析表明，不同城市在适应各类家庭结构移动需求方面存在显著差异：部分城市更适应单身个体（如休斯顿、弗吉尼亚海滩）或已婚人群（如亚特兰大、巴尔的摩），而另一些城市则更有利于育儿家庭（如辛辛那提、芝加哥）。随着远程办公拓展了搬迁可能性，这种分类对个人与家庭而言愈发重要。我们发现，与同龄群体相比，父母与已婚人士面临着不同的移动成本与设施获取模式，且在多项零模型检验中保持一致性。本研究通过倡导针对多元化人群需求的定制化设计策略（而非一刀切方案），推动城市规划领域的理论发展。