Context. Women remain significantly underrepresented in software engineering, leading to a lasting gender gap in the software industry. This disparity starts in education and extends into the industry, causing challenges such as hostile work environments and unequal opportunities. Addressing these issues is crucial for fostering an inclusive and diverse software engineering workforce. Aim. This study aims to enhance the literature on women in software engineering, exploring their journey from academia to industry and discussing perspectives, challenges, and support. We focus on Brazilian women to extend existing research, which has largely focused on North American and European contexts. Method. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey, collecting both quantitative and qualitative data, focusing on women's experiences in software engineering to explore their journey from university to the software industry. Findings. Our findings highlight persistent challenges faced by women in software engineering, including gender bias, harassment, work-life imbalance, undervaluation, low sense of belonging, and impostor syndrome. These difficulties commonly emerge from university experiences and continue to affect women throughout their entire careers. Conclusion. In summary, our study identifies systemic challenges in women's software engineering journey, emphasizing the need for organizational commitment to address these issues. We provide actionable recommendations for practitioners.

翻译：背景：女性在软件工程领域的代表性严重不足，导致软件行业长期存在性别差距。这种差距始于教育阶段并延伸至工业界，造成诸如恶劣工作环境与不平等机会等挑战。解决这些问题对于培养包容多元的软件工程人才队伍至关重要。目的：本研究旨在丰富关于软件工程领域女性的文献，探讨她们从学术界到工业界的职业历程，并讨论相关观点、挑战与支持。我们以巴西女性为研究对象，以拓展当前主要关注北美和欧洲情境的现有研究。方法：本研究采用横截面调查法，收集定量与定性数据，聚焦女性在软件工程领域的经历，探索她们从大学到软件行业的职业路径。发现：研究结果凸显了女性在软件工程领域持续面临的挑战，包括性别偏见、骚扰、工作生活失衡、价值低估、归属感缺失以及冒充者综合征。这些困难通常始自大学经历，并持续影响女性的整个职业生涯。结论：综上，我们的研究揭示了女性软件工程职业历程中的系统性挑战，强调组织需承诺解决这些问题。我们为从业者提供了可操作的建议。