In robotics, the concept of "dull, dirty, and dangerous" (DDD) work has been used to motivate where robots might be useful. In this paper, we conduct an empirical analysis of robotics publications between 1980 and 2024 that mention DDD, and find that only 2.7% of publications define DDD and 8.7% of publications provide concrete examples of tasks or jobs that are DDD. We then review the social science literature on "dull," "dirty," and "dangerous" work to provide definitions and guidance on how to conceptualize DDD for robotics. Finally, we propose a framework that helps the robotics community consider the job context for our technology, encouraging a more informed perspective on how robotics may impact human labor.

翻译：在机器人学领域，“枯燥、肮脏与危险”（DDD）工作的概念常被用作论证机器人适用场景的动因。本文对1980年至2024年间提及DDD的机器人学文献进行了实证分析，发现仅2.7%的文献明确定义了DDD，仅8.7%的文献提供了DDD类任务或工作的具体案例。随后，我们回顾了关于“枯燥”、“肮脏”及“危险”工作的社会科学文献，为机器人学领域界定DDD概念提供了定义依据与概念化指引。最后，我们提出一个框架，以帮助机器人学界在技术研发中充分考虑工作情境，从而推动形成关于机器人技术如何影响人类劳动的更深刻认知。