In recent decades, several assistive technologies have been developed to improve the ability of blind and visually impaired individuals to navigate independently and safely. At the same time, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques have become sufficiently robust and efficient to be adopted in developing these assistive technologies. We present the first systematic literature review of 54 recent studies on SLAM-based solutions for blind and visually impaired people, focusing on literature published from 2017 onward. This review explores various localization and mapping techniques employed in this context. We discuss the advantages and limitations of these techniques for blind and visually impaired navigation. Moreover, we examine the major challenges described across studies. We explain how SLAM technology offers the potential to improve the ability of visually impaired individuals to navigate effectively. Finally, we present future opportunities and challenges in this domain.

翻译：近几十年来，多种辅助技术被开发以提升盲人和视障人士独立且安全导航的能力。与此同时，同步定位与地图构建（SLAM）技术已发展至足够鲁棒和高效，可被应用于开发这些辅助技术。本文首次对2017年以来54项基于SLAM的视障人士解决方案相关研究进行了系统性文献综述。本综述探讨了在该背景下使用的多种定位与地图构建技术，讨论了这些技术对视障导航的优势与局限性。此外，我们审视了研究中所提及的主要挑战，阐释了SLAM技术如何提升视障人士有效导航能力的潜力。最后，我们提出了该领域的未来机遇与挑战。