This chapter examines the impact of the geopolitical rivalry between the United States and China on the prospects for inclusive innovation in artificial intelligence (AI) development. We explore three critical aspects of the American and Chinese legal infrastructure that significantly impact AI innovation: data privacy, intellectual property (IP rights), and export restrictions. Through this comparative analysis, we argue that, while China's legal environment may offer certain advantage in terms of access to training data and IP protection, the United States maintains superior resources by enforcing strict export controls on semiconductor chips, AI models, as well as outbound investments in these areas. This nuanced examination helps illuminate how each country's legal framework could influence the ultimate trajectory of AI race and how the technological rivalry has led to exclusionary rulemaking on a global scale.

翻译：本章探讨美国与中国地缘政治竞争对人工智能发展中包容性创新前景的影响。我们重点分析了美中两国法律基础设施中显著影响人工智能创新的三个关键方面：数据隐私、知识产权和出口管制。通过比较分析，我们认为，尽管中国在法律环境方面可能在某些领域（如训练数据获取和知识产权保护）具备优势，但美国通过严格实施半导体芯片、人工智能模型及相关对外投资的出口管制，保持了更优越的资源。这一细致考察有助于揭示两国法律框架如何影响人工智能竞赛的最终走向，以及技术竞争如何在全球范围内导致排他性规则制定。