This white paper aims to comprehensively analyze and consolidate the state of the art in communication technologies supporting modern and future Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Its primary objective is to establish a common understanding of how communication solutions enable automation, safety, and efficiency across multiple transport domains, including railways, road vehicles, aircraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles. The document seeks to identify key communication requirements and technological enablers necessary for interoperable and reliable ITS operation. It also assesses the limitations of current systems and proposes pathways for integrating emerging technologies such as 5G, Sixth Generation (6G), and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven network control. The white paper also intends to support harmonization between different transport modes through a unified framework for communication modeling, testing, and standardization. It highlights the importance of accurate channel modeling and empirical validation to design efficient, robust, and scalable systems. Another objective is to explore the use of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, integrated sensing and communication, and digital twin concepts within ITS. The document emphasizes the role of spectrum management and standardization efforts in ensuring interoperability among diverse communication systems. Finally, the paper seeks to stimulate collaboration among academia, industry, and standardization bodies to advance the design of resilient and adaptive communication infrastructures for future transportation systems.

翻译：本白皮书旨在全面分析与整合支持现代及未来信息通信技术（ICT）的先进通信技术现状。其主要目标是建立对通信解决方案如何实现跨多个交通领域（包括铁路、道路车辆、飞机和无人机）自动化、安全与效率提升的共同理解。本文档力图识别可互操作且可靠的智能交通系统（ITS）运行所需的关键通信需求与技术赋能要素。同时，评估现有系统的局限性，并提出整合新兴技术（如5G、第六代（6G）通信及人工智能（AI）驱动的网络控制）的发展路径。白皮书还旨在通过建立统一的通信建模、测试与标准化框架，促进不同交通模式间的协调统一。本文强调精确的信道建模与实证验证对于设计高效、稳健且可扩展系统的重要性。另一目标是探索可重构智能表面、集成感知与通信以及数字孪生概念在智能交通系统中的应用。文档着重阐述了频谱管理与标准化工作在确保多样化通信系统间互操作性方面的关键作用。最后，本文期望推动学术界、产业界与标准化组织间的协作，以促进面向未来交通系统的弹性自适应通信基础设施设计。