This study explores the critical role of open government data (OGD) portals in fostering transparency and collaboration between diverse stakeholders. Recognizing the challenges of usability, communication with diverse populations, and strategic value creation, this paper develops an integrated framework for evaluating OGD portal effectiveness that accommodates user diversity (regardless of their data literacy and language), evaluates collaboration and participation, and the ability of users to explore and understand the data provided through them. The framework is validated by applying it to 33 national portals across European Union and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, as a result of which we rank OGD portals, identify some good practices that lower-performing portals can learn from, and common shortcomings. Notably, the study unveils the competitive and innovative nature of GCC OGD portals, pinpointing specific improvement areas such as multilingual support and data understandability. The findings underscore the growing trend of exposing data quality metrics and advocate for enhanced two-way communication channels between users and portal representatives. Overall, the study contributes to accelerating the development of user-friendly, collaborative, and sustainable OGD portals while addressing gaps identified in previous research.

翻译：本研究探讨了开放政府数据门户在促进不同利益相关者间透明度与协作中的关键作用。针对可用性挑战、与多元群体的沟通以及战略价值创造等问题，本文构建了一个评估开放政府数据门户效能的综合框架，该框架兼顾用户多样性（无论其数据素养与语言能力）、评估协作参与度、以及用户探索和理解平台所提供数据的能力。通过对欧盟与海湾合作委员会国家33个国家门户的实证验证，本研究对各国开放政府数据门户进行了排名，识别出可供低绩效门户借鉴的优良实践与常见缺陷。值得注意的是，研究揭示了海湾合作委员会国家开放政府数据门户的竞争性与创新性特征，并指出多语言支持、数据可理解性等具体改进方向。研究结果印证了数据质量指标公开化的趋势，倡导建立用户与门户代表间的增强型双向沟通渠道。总体而言，本研究在弥补前人研究空白的同时，为加速开发用户友好型、协作型且可持续的开放政府数据门户做出了贡献。