Threshold digital signatures enable a distributed execution of signature functionalities and will play a crucial role in the security of emerging decentralized next-generation networked systems and applications. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive and systematic survey of threshold and distributed signatures with advanced features. Our survey encompasses threshold signatures in conventional and post-quantum cryptography (PQC) settings and captures custom-design and standard signatures (e.g., conventional NIST and NIST-PQC). We examine both generic (via secure multi-party computation) and custom thresholding techniques for a myriad of signature families while investigating exotic signatures, real-life applications, and potential future research direction.

翻译：阈值数字签名实现了签名功能的分布式执行，将在新兴的去中心化下一代网络系统与应用的安全性中发挥关键作用。本文对具备高级特性的阈值与分布式签名进行了全面且系统的综述。我们的综述涵盖了传统密码学与后量子密码学（PQC）场景下的阈值签名，并涉及定制设计与标准签名（如传统NIST及NIST-PQC标准）。我们考察了针对多种签名系列的通用（通过安全多方计算实现）与定制阈值化技术，同时探讨了特殊签名、实际应用以及潜在的未来研究方向。