Simulating fermionic systems on quantum hardware requires compiling fermionic Hamiltonians into executable quantum circuits. Existing approaches treat each compilation stage independently, applying heuristics with localized objectives that produce circuits with superquartic gate count and depth scaling and compilation times reaching several hours for large instances. We present Accordion, an end-to-end framework that co-designs the fermion-to-qubit mapping with circuit synthesis and hardware routing. Accordion fixes the Jordan Wigner mapping, which despite its higher Pauli weight produces Pauli operators with structural regularity that enables provably efficient circuit generation. For full-rank all-to-all electronic structure Hamiltonians, we prove O(N^4) gate count and circuit depth, matching the information-theoretic lower bound imposed by the Theta(N^4) second excitation terms. On linear, IBM heavy-hex, and square-grid architectures, Accordion reduces gate count by up to 79% and circuit depth by up to 77% relative to the best baseline.

翻译：在量子硬件上模拟费米子系统需要将费米子哈密顿量编译为可执行的量子电路。现有方法独立处理每个编译阶段，应用具有局部目标的启发式规则，导致电路门数和深度呈超四次方缩放，且对于大规模实例编译时间长达数小时。我们提出Accordion——一个将费米子-量子比特映射与电路合成及硬件路由协同设计的端到端框架。Accordion采用Jordan-Wigner映射，尽管其产生更高Pauli权重，但生成的Pauli算子具有结构规则性，可保证高效的电路生成。对于满秩全连接电子结构哈密顿量，我们证明了O(N^4)的门数和电路深度，匹配由Θ(N^4)二阶激发项所加的信息论下界。在直线型、IBM重六角型及方格型架构上，Accordion相较于最优基准方法将门数减少最多79%，电路深度减少最多77%。