Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising technology in wireless communications. Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting RIS (STAR-RISs) in particular have garnered significant attention due to their dual capabilities of simultaneous transmission and reflection, underscoring their potential applications in critical scenarios within the forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) technology landscape. Moreover, full-duplex (FD) systems have emerged as a breakthrough research direction in wireless transmission technology due to their high spectral efficiency. This paper explores the application potential of STAR-RIS in FD systems for future wireless communications, presenting an innovative technology that provides robust self-interference cancellation (SIC) capabilities for FD systems. We utilize the refraction functionality of STAR-RIS enhances the transmission capacity of FD systems, while its reflection functionality is used to eliminate self interference within the FD system. We delve into the applications of two different types of STAR-RIS in FD systems and compare their performance through simulations. Furthermore, we discuss the performance differences of STAR-RIS empowered FD systems under various configurations in a case study, and demonstrate the superiority of the proposed deep learning-based optimization algorithm. Finally, we discuss possible future research directions for STAR-RIS empowered FD systems.

翻译：可重构智能表面（RIS）已成为无线通信领域一项前景广阔的技术。其中，同时透射与反射的RIS（STAR-RIS）因其兼具同步透射与反射的双重能力而备受关注，突显了其在即将到来的第六代（6G）技术关键场景中的应用潜力。与此同时，全双工（FD）系统凭借其高频谱效率成为无线传输技术中突破性的研究方向。本文探讨了STAR-RIS在未来无线通信FD系统中的应用潜力，提出了一种为FD系统提供鲁棒自干扰消除（SIC）能力的创新技术。我们利用STAR-RIS的透射功能增强FD系统的传输容量，同时利用其反射功能消除FD系统内的自干扰。我们深入研究了两种不同类型STAR-RIS在FD系统中的应用，并通过仿真比较了其性能。此外，我们通过案例研究探讨了不同配置下STAR-RIS赋能FD系统的性能差异，并验证了所提出的基于深度学习的优化算法的优越性。最后，我们讨论了STAR-RIS赋能FD系统未来可能的研究方向。