For the first time, this paper presents a taxonomy of legal risks associated with generative AI (GenAI) by breaking down complex legal concepts to provide a common understanding of potential legal challenges for developing and deploying GenAI models. The methodology is based on (1) examining the legal claims that have been filed in existing lawsuits and (2) evaluating the reasonably foreseeable legal claims that may be filed in future lawsuits. First, we identified 29 lawsuits against prominent GenAI entities and tallied the claims of each lawsuit. From there, we identified seven claims that are cited at least four times across these lawsuits as the most likely claims for future GenAI lawsuits. For each of these seven claims, we describe the elements of the claim (what the plaintiff must prove to prevail) and provide an example of how it may apply to GenAI. Next, we identified 30 other potential claims that we consider to be more speculative, because they have been included in fewer than four lawsuits or have yet to be filed. We further separated those 30 claims into 19 that are most likely to be made in relation to pre-deployment of GenAI models and 11 that are more likely to be made in connection with post-deployment of GenAI models since the legal risks will vary between entities that create versus deploy them. For each of these claims, we describe the elements of the claim and the potential remedies that plaintiffs may seek to help entities determine their legal risks in developing or deploying GenAI. Lastly, we close the paper by noting the novelty of GenAI technology and propose some applications for the paper's taxonomy in driving further research.

翻译：本文首次提出了与生成式人工智能（GenAI）相关的法律风险分类体系，通过剖析复杂的法律概念，为开发和部署GenAI模型所面临的潜在法律挑战提供共识性理解。研究方法基于：（1）检视现有诉讼中已提出的法律主张；（2）评估未来诉讼中可能提出的合理可预见法律主张。首先，我们识别了针对知名GenAI实体的29起诉讼案件，并统计了每起诉讼中的法律主张。由此，我们确定了七项在至少四起诉讼中被援引的主张，将其视为未来GenAI诉讼中最可能出现的诉求。针对这七项主张，我们分别阐述了其构成要件（原告胜诉需证明的要素），并提供了适用于GenAI的示例。其次，我们识别了另外30项潜在主张，因其在少于四起诉讼中被提及或尚未被提起诉讼，我们将其视为更具推测性的风险。鉴于模型创建方与部署方所面临的法律风险存在差异，我们进一步将这30项主张划分为：19项最可能涉及GenAI模型部署前阶段的主张，以及11项更可能涉及部署后阶段的主张。针对每项主张，我们详细阐述了其构成要件及原告可能寻求的潜在救济措施，以协助相关实体评估开发或部署GenAI时的法律风险。最后，我们在结语中指出GenAI技术的新颖性，并探讨了本分类体系在推动后续研究方面的应用前景。