In multiple hypothesis testing, it is well known that adaptive procedures can enhance power via incorporating information about the number of true nulls present. Under independence, we establish that two adaptive false discovery rate (FDR) methods, upon augmenting sign declarations, also offer directional false discovery rate (FDR$_\text{dir}$) control in the strong sense. Such FDR$_\text{dir}$ controlling properties are appealing because adaptive procedures have the greatest potential to reap substantial gain in power when the underlying parameter configurations contain little to no true nulls, which are precisely settings where the FDR$_\text{dir}$ is an arguably more meaningful error rate to be controlled than the FDR.

翻译：在多重假设检验中，自适应程序通过纳入真实零假设数量的信息来增强检验功效，这已是广为人知的事实。在独立性假设下，我们证明两种自适应错误发现率（FDR）方法在补充符号声明后，还能在强意义下实现方向性错误发现率（FDR$_\text{dir}$）控制。此类FDR$_\text{dir}$控制性质颇具吸引力，因为当潜在参数配置中几乎不含真实零假设时——恰好是控制FDR$_\text{dir}$比控制FDR更具意义的错误率设定——自适应程序最有可能在检验功效上获得显著收益。