We present the design and implementation of WaveFlex, the first smart surface that enhances Private LTE/5G networks operating under the shared-license framework in the Citizens Broadband Radio Service frequency band. WaveFlex works in the presence of frequency diversity: multiple nearby base stations operating on different frequencies, as dictated by a Spectrum Access System coordinator. It also handles time dynamism: due to the dynamic sharing rules of the band, base stations occasionally switch channels, especially when priority users enter the network. Finally, WaveFlex operates independently of the network itself, not requiring access to nor modification of the base station or mobile users, yet it remain compliant with and effective on prevailing cellular protocols. We have designed and fabricated WaveFlex on a custom multi-layer PCB, software defined radio-based network monitor, and supporting control software and hardware. Our experimental evaluation benchmarks an operational Private LTE network running at full line rate. Results demonstrate an 8.50 dB average SNR gain, and an average throughput gain of 4.36 Mbps for a single small cell, and 3.19 Mbps for four small cells, in a realistic indoor office scenario.

翻译：摘要: 本文介绍了WaveFlex的设计与实现，这是首个在公民宽带无线电服务频段共享许可框架下增强私有LTE/5G网络的智能表面。WaveFlex能够应对频率多样性：多个邻近基站依据频谱接入系统协调器指令在不同频率上运行。同时，它可处理时间动态性：由于频段的动态共享规则，基站会偶尔切换信道，尤其在优先级用户接入网络时。此外，WaveFlex独立于网络运行，无需访问或修改基站及移动用户，但仍能兼容现有蜂窝协议并保持有效性。我们基于定制多层PCB、软件定义无线电网络监控器及配套控制软硬件完成了WaveFlex的设计与制造。实验评估以全线路速率运行的实际私有LTE网络为基准，在真实室内办公场景下，单小基站平均信噪比增益达8.50 dB，吞吐量增益为4.36 Mbps；四小基站吞吐量增益为3.19 Mbps。