Safety applications in vehicle-to-everything communications and Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems rely on reliable and timely message exchange, which in turn depends on accurate modeling of wireless signal propagation. Simulation frameworks such as VEINS are widely adopted to design and evaluate such systems before deployment; however, their realism strongly depends on the validity of the underlying channel and antenna models. This work presents an empirical validation of the VEINS simulator against real-world data collected from the MASA living laboratory. Using the default configuration, we compare Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), number of messages, and attenuation of the signal. The results show that VEINS systematically overestimates the RSSI value, while losing approximately 18% of the total number of messages received compared to the MASA, revealing inconsistencies between simulation and reality. The contribution of this study is a direct comparison between simulated and real world data, establishing a quantitative basis for future calibration of VEINS parameters to improve the fidelity of VANET simulations in C-ITS safety research.

翻译：车联网（V2X）通信与协作智能交通系统（C-ITS）中的安全应用依赖于可靠且及时的消息交换，而这又取决于无线信号传播的精确建模。诸如VEINS之类的仿真框架被广泛用于部署前设计和评估此类系统；然而，其现实性强烈依赖于底层信道及天线模型的有效性。本研究针对VEINS模拟器进行了实证验证，将其与来自MASA真实生活实验室采集的实测数据进行比较。采用默认配置，我们对比了接收信号强度指示（RSSI）、消息数量及信号衰减。结果表明，VEINS系统性地高估了RSSI值，且相比MASA实验室，接收的消息总数损失约18%，揭示了仿真与现实之间的不一致性。本研究的贡献在于对仿真数据与实测数据进行了直接比较，为未来校准VEINS参数以提升C-ITS安全研究中VANET仿真保真度提供了定量基础。