Appropriately regulating artificial intelligence is an increasingly urgent policy challenge. Legislatures and regulators lack the specialized knowledge required to best translate public demands into legal requirements. Overreliance on industry self-regulation fails to hold producers and users of AI systems accountable to democratic demands. Regulatory markets, in which governments require the targets of regulation to purchase regulatory services from a private regulator, are proposed. This approach to AI regulation could overcome the limitations of both command-and-control regulation and self-regulation. Regulatory market could enable governments to establish policy priorities for the regulation of AI, whilst relying on market forces and industry R&D efforts to pioneer the methods of regulation that best achieve policymakers' stated objectives.

翻译：恰当监管人工智能日益成为紧迫的政策挑战。立法和监管机构缺乏将公众诉求有效转化为法律要求所需的专业知识。过度依赖行业自律难以让AI系统的研发者与使用者对民主诉求负责。本文提出监管市场模式——即强制受监管对象向私营监管机构购买监管服务的机制。这种AI监管路径既能克服指令控制型监管的局限，又可超越纯粹的自律模式。监管市场既可以确保政府确立AI监管的政策优先级，同时又能依托市场力量与行业研发投入，自主开创最能实现政策制定者既定目标的监管方法。