This paper develops a theory of scientific and technological peer effects to study how individuals' productivity responds to the behavior and network positions of their collaborators across both scientific and inventive activities. Building on a simultaneous equation network framework, the model predicts that productivity in each activity increases in a variation of the Katz-Bonacich centrality that captures within-activity and cross-activity strategic complementarities. To test these predictions, we assemble the universe of cancer-related publications and patents and construct coauthorship and coinventorship networks that jointly map the collaboration structure of researchers active in both spheres. Using an instrumental-variables approach based on predicted link formation from exogenous dyadic characteristics, and incorporating community fixed effects to address endogenous network formation, we show that both authors' and inventors' outputs rise with their network centrality, consistent with the theory. Moreover, scientific productivity significantly enhances technological productivity, while technological output does not exert a detectable reciprocal effect on scientific production, highlighting an asymmetric linkage aligned with a science-driven model of innovation. These findings provide the first empirical evidence on the joint dynamics of scientific and inventive peer effects, underscore the micro-foundations of the co-evolution of science and technology, and reveal how collaboration structures can be leveraged to design policies that enhance collective knowledge creation and downstream innovation.

翻译：本文发展了一个科学与技术同群效应理论，用以研究个体的生产力如何响应其合作者在科学活动和发明活动中的行为与网络位置。基于联立方程网络框架，该模型预测每项活动的生产力会随着一种Katz-Bonacich中心度的变体而提升，该中心度捕捉了活动内与跨活动的战略互补性。为检验这些预测，我们汇集了所有与癌症相关的出版物和专利，构建了共同作者与共同发明人网络，共同刻画了在两个领域均活跃的研究者的合作结构。采用基于外生二元特征预测链接形成的工具变量法，并结合社区固定效应以处理内生网络形成问题，我们证明作者和发明人的产出均随其网络中心度的提高而增加，这与理论预测一致。此外，科学生产力显著提升了技术生产力，而技术产出并未对科学产出产生可检测的互惠效应，这凸显了一种与科学驱动创新模型相一致的**非对称关联**。这些发现首次为科学与发明同群效应的联合动态提供了实证证据，强调了科学与技术共同演化的微观基础，并揭示了如何利用合作结构来设计政策，以促进集体知识创造与下游创新。