Since cobots (collaborative robots) are increasingly being introduced in industrial environments, being aware of their potential positive and negative impacts on human collaborators is essential. This study guides occupational health workers by identifying the potential gains (reduced perceived time demand, number of gestures and number of errors) and concerns (the cobot takes a long time to perceive its environment, which eads to an increased completion time) associated with working with cobots. In our study, the collaboration between human and cobot during an assembly task did not negatively impact perceived cognitive load, increased completion time (but decreased perceived time demand), and decreased the number of gestures performed by participants and the number of errors made. Thus, performing the task in collaboration with a cobot improved the user's experience and performance, except for completion time, which increased. This study opens up avenues to investigate how to improve cobots to ensure the usability of the human-machine system at work.

翻译：随着协作机器人（cobot）在工业环境中的日益普及，明确其对人类协作者潜在的正负面影响至关重要。本研究通过识别与协作机器人共事时的潜在优势（减少感知时间需求、手势数量和错误次数）及问题（协作机器人感知环境耗时较长导致任务完成时间增加），为职业健康工作者提供指导。在装配任务中，人与协作机器人的协作未对感知认知负荷产生负面影响，尽管任务完成时间增加（但感知时间需求降低），同时减少了参与者的手势执行次数和错误数量。因此，除完成时间延长外，与协作机器人共同执行任务改善了用户体验与绩效。本研究为探索如何优化协作机器人以提升工作中人机系统的可用性开辟了研究路径。